92 – Strategy execution – why do we make it so hard in local government?

Posted by Whistler                                                                                                          570 words

laurel and hardy

Lancing Farrell’s posts have been interesting. Some good connections have been made with the research conducted by Donald Sull, Rebecca Homkes and Charles Sull. I am sure that evidence of each of the myths would be available for local government, but are they the only reasons strategy failure is common?

There is no doubt that lack of cross-functional cooperation, sticking to infeasible plans, under-resourcing plans, ineffective communication, and disempowerment of the distributed leaders by top management are widespread. There is no doubt that they all contribute to failure to implement strategy in local government. But are these the only factors?

I think that failure begins with lack of clear strategy to implement. Continue reading

86 – Ten sayings that define local government culture.

Posted by Whistler                                                                          970 words

grass dreaming

In local government we talk a lot about culture and forces that shape it. Often these forces are evident in the things that people say each day. This post explores ten of the sayings heard daily in local government and attempts to translate them.

  1. ‘We have set a goal on this issue, it is an aspirational goal’.

This type of goal has no basis in reality. It is an idea of what might be good if it happened. At best it is a ‘guesstimate’. No one knows whether or not it is feasible. Mostly, it is just frustrating because someone powerful has effectively avoided making a decision or creating conflict by setting a goal that everyone can agree to because it means nothing. An aspirational goal makes ‘motherhood’ statement seem like a specific and readily measurable output. I think we do it because it gets us out of a difficult situation at the time or it makes us feel as though we are setting meaningful goals under difficult circumstances.

  1. ‘Never mind if you can’t get it done today, there is always tomorrow’.

This statement is often heard when planned work has not been completed. It reflects the low value placed on time in local government. When available capacity doesn’t easily match demand, jobs are just deferred. It takes the pressure off managers to be organised and ensure that operations are well managed. The customer just has to wait. Given they have no other choice of supplier, why not?

  1. ‘Let’s just park that’.

This is what happens when you can’t find the answer to the question the meeting was called to answer in the first place. This regularly happens because meetings are seen as potential circuit breakers for intractable organisational problems. The cross-functional decision that no one has the right to make. The escalated decision that no one seems to have the responsibility to make. Whatever. Parking it is a nice way to say we will just wait and see how long it takes before it either resolves itself or explodes.

  1. ‘This issue needs some ‘blue sky thinking’.

This is how we describe the generation of visionary ideas that don’t always have a practical application. Some people call it dreaming. It usually happens when past approaches have not worked and there is pressure to be ‘innovative’ and come up with a ‘creative’ solution – dangerous territory for all involved. Whilst people in local government like to say they are ‘thinking outside the box’, or thinking ‘laterally’, in reality we really just like to think the way we always have (but be seen to be doing otherwise). Hence, the popularity of ‘blue sky’ thinking – it is all care, no responsibility.

  1. ‘If it is not broken, don’t fix it’

This is a favourite. It is premised on the idea that things break suddenly and without any warning. No one could have anticipated it or prevented it happening.   The idea that it might be ‘breaking’ doesn’t enter into it. We are not looking for signs that something isn’t working and might fail. No. Everything that goes wrong in local government couldn’t have been foreseen and anything that seems to be working should be left alone. Makes sense doesn’t it?

  1. ‘This will have to go upstairs; you’ll need to run that past (write name of senior manager)’.

I quite like this one. It implies that we are getting on with business by sending something to someone more important to make a decision. The fact that you might already have the decision rights, and they really don’t have time to make the decision, is irrelevant. It is going upstairs to more senior people. That has to be better.

  1. ‘Let’s look for the low hanging fruit’.

Usually, this means just choose the simplest option to accomplish a task. Who can argue with that? It has a resemblance to efficiency. If the outcome is not what you expected or need, at least you have acted. It is related to another old local government saying, frequently heard in depots, – ‘just keep moving; you don’t have to do anything, just don’t stop’. Anyway, the cockatoos always get the high fruit.

  1. ‘We need to get a helicopter view of this’.

This implies that a higher altitude view will yield some information not currently available from the ground. There is really no arguing with this idea, but in practice, the altitude sickness that seems to ensue once senior management leaves the ground limits the potential. You often hear about executives seeking a helicopter view but seldom see any benefit from it.

  1. ‘We really need a burning platform if change is going to happen’.

I don’t think people have arson in mind when they voice this view. It is more metaphorical. It really means that they need a crisis to justify making sensible management decisions – someone has to set fire to something before we have a reason to fix it (enter rate capping).   Without an imminent crisis, the Executive can’t work out how to explain to people that they need to change and put customer needs ahead of their own. I get it.

  1. ‘You need to run that past the Admiral’.

This refers to the senior manager nicknamed the ‘Admiral’ because they regularly say that they will have to ‘take it on board’. It could as easily be the ‘Window’ or the ‘Mirror’ – they need to look into it before they can make a decision on what to do. The ‘Grasshopper’ is another nickname – this is the manager who needs to find out about something before deciding (a reference to disciple in the television series Kung Fu). Everyone in local government has worked with an Admiral, a Mirror or a Grasshopper. It really just reflects the difficulty managers have in making a decision quickly. I wonder why?

Have you got others?  Contribute them via a comment.


 

64 – Ambition, culture and performance. A tale of middle management in local government.

Posted by Whistler                                                                                          750 words

cathedral

I was recently involved in a discussion where the metaphor of the three stonemasons came up. The person telling the story described the response of the three stonemasons to the question ‘what are you doing?’ You may know it.

The first stonemason said ‘I am making a stone’. The second said ‘I am making a wall’. The third said ‘I am making a cathedral’.

The purpose in telling the story was to illustrate the various motivations of people at work in local government and that, hopefully, we are all here to make a cathedral and we know it. Well, I started thinking about how many of the workers cleaning the same public toilets every day, or mowing the same parks, or emptying the same bins, think they are making a cathedral. The chances are that they are just diligently making a stone. Whether it is used to make a cathedral or not is probably not important to them and never will be.

Then my thinking moved on to thinking about myself and the other middle managers I deal with. Surely we are all making cathedrals? Continue reading

62 – “The way to make it in local government is to forget ambition and pigeon hole yourself before someone else does”.

Posted by S. Dogood                                                               1000 words

pigeon hole

This was the advice I received during a discussion with a colleague this week.  Pigeon hole yourself he advised and local government becomes a good place to work.  In some ways he is right.  The discussion started me thinking about why that is the case and how it could be different.

The ambitious face a number of challenges.  First and foremost they can’t be threatening to the Executive.  Secondly, they need to be realistic about their skills and value.  Lastly, regardless of their own role breadth or experience, they run the recruitment gamut as there is always a hierarchy of preferred candidates for any role.  Hiring traditionally take the following hierarchy seeking to recruit someone who Continue reading

48 – Emergency management is a hidden talent. Why wait for a disaster?

Posted by Parkinson                                                                                       540 words

emergency flooding

In Victoria, all local governments have a statutory role in responding to municipal emergencies. They must have a committee including local emergency response organisations, and a plan that is maintained and audited. Dozens of staff are inducted and trained in emergency management and, along with their organisational leaders, are a virtual team that can be activated immediately when required. They hold exercises under various scenarios to test their ability. Emergency management is a capability that each council must create and maintain. And they do. Often very well.

It has been said that the public service is at its best in an emergency because tribal conflicts are set aside, the purpose is clear and agreed for once, and the rules become ‘flexible’ in order to be able to react to whatever the emergency brings. Under these circumstances, the public service becomes a responsive, powerful and focussed force. Why do we wait for an emergency to perform at our best? Continue reading

40 – Unskilled, unaware, or both? The Dunning–Kruger effect at work.

Posted by Colin Weatherby                                                                                         800 words

One of my favourite sayings is that ‘anything is possible when you don’t know what you are talking about’. I have often wondered why I feel the need to use it so often at work. After a colleague sent me link on the Dunning-Kruger effect I am starting to understand why.

The Dunning–Kruger effect is named after David Dunning and Justin Kruger of Cornell University. They published ‘Unskilled and Unaware of It: How difficulties in Recognising One’s Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self-Assessments’ in 1999. The title gives you a good idea about the contents. The focus of the paper is;

We argue that when people are incompetent in the strategies they adopt to achieve success and satisfaction, they suffer a dual burden: Not only do they reach erroneous conclusions and make unfortunate choices, but their incompetence robs them of the ability to realise it.

Continue reading

30 – ‘The better things are, the worse they feel’. How so?

Posted by Colin Weatherby                                                                         700 words

This is the title of a chapter in Richard Farson’s rather interesting book Management of the Absurd – Paradoxes in Leadership. Farson is a psychologist, author, and educator. He co-founded the Western Behavioral Sciences Institute in 1958. His article on the ‘Failure-tolerant Leader’ is included in the HBR’s 10 Must-Reads on Leadership. He is a guy worth reading.

The idea that things feel worse when they are actually getting better appealed to me because of something a colleague said to me at work recently. Continue reading

14 – What can a culture survey, an organisational self assessment, and your Executive’s risk appetite tell you?

In local government, we like to survey our culture and develop plans to move from the current culture to the preferred culture. It is a very idealistic exercise. In Human Synergistics’ terms, the target culture is often highly constructive and devoid of the competitive and avoidance behaviours currently evident. Typically, the culture of a council in Australia will operate on the basis of ‘keep your head down and fly under the radar, if things go wrong blame someone else, and if there is no one to blame say you were just following instructions’. In a more competitive culture it starts with blame.

An organisational self assessment (the starting point for using the Australian Business Excellence Framework) will probably reveal an organisation where the drivers for the activities of the organisation that fare the best during the assessment will be those that have a legislative compulsion behind them or that have been developed in response to a problem that has a significant consequence for failure.   The focus will be on compliance, not organisational strategy, innovation and customer or community value. This is understandable because councils do have lots of legislated responsibilities and accountabilities that have consequences for non compliance.

Now to the last and, I think, the most interesting piece of evidence – the risk appetite of top management (the Executive). This is interesting because it often isn’t documented and when it is, the context is usually the preparation of a risk management plan and the knowledge isn’t used to reflect on the decision making of the Executive, the organisation they have created, or its culture.   Leaders shape the organisation through what they say and do. If they have a low appetite for risk, especially in a sector that is inherently risk averse, this will be reflected in their decision making. What can you expect to see as a result?

  • A conventional organisational structure that emphasises functional accountability and avoids the risks associated with a focus on cross-functional processes.
  • Organisational systems that are controlling to reduce risk and increase compliance because there is no reward, and potential sanctions, for doing otherwise.  The Executive makes the decisions and policies in accordance with their risk appetite.
  • A culture where people avoid risk and don’t make decisions or just follow the rules rather than take risks to ensure that value is created.

So, if you are wondering why you work in an organisation where there are dozens of forms that need countersigning by each level of authority, where decisions are increasingly being made by the Executive, and your culture surveys keep telling you that you are big on avoidance, maybe you should enquire about your Executive’s risk appetite.

Posted by Whistler